Jan 11 2010

Sanitation Technologies, for Systems of Toilet, Collection, Treatment and Disposal/Reuse

TOILET/PIT SYSTEMS COLLECTION SYSTEMS TREATMENT SYSTEMS SLUDGE DISPOSAL/REUSE EFFLUENT DISPOSAL/REUSE
1. Compost Privy Simplified/Settled/ Small bore sewer Combined sewerage Sludge drying bed Discharge into receiving body of water
2. Ventilated Improved Pit (VIP) Latrine Combined sewerage Leaching or soakaway pit Agricultural reuse of sewage, septage, or sludge Aquaculture
3. Aqua Privy Interceptor tank/box
4. Pour-flush Toilet (PFT) Septic tank
5. Public Toilet Imhoff tank
6. Urine Diversion Dehydration Toilet (UDDT) Anaerobic baffled reactor
Waste stabilization ponds
Engineered reed bed
Biogas reactor
Rotating biological contactors
Sequencing batch reactor
Oxidation ditch

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Jan 08 2010

Water and Sanitation

What’s the difference?

Water Supply Service Level I vs. Level II vs. Level III

Level I (point source) is a protected well or a developed spring with an outlet but without a distribution system, generally adaptable for rural areas where the houses are thinly scattered.A Level I facility normally serves an average of 15 households.

Level II (communal faucet system or standposts) is a system composed of a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network,and communal faucets. Usually, one faucet serves 4 to 6 households. Generally suitable for rural and urban fringe areas where houses are clustered densely to justify a simple piped system.

Level III (waterworks system or individual house connections) – a system with a source, a reservoir, a piped distribution network and household taps. It is generally suited for densely populated urban areas.

Sewer vs. Sewage vs. Sewerage

Sewer is a pipe, conduit or channel intended to convey sewage.

Sewage is a combination of the liquid or water-carried wastes from residences, business buildings, and institutions, together with those from industrial establishments, and with such ground water, surface water, and storm water may be present; also called wastewater.

Sewerage is system of pipes, pumps, devices and other appurtenant structures for the collection, transportation and final disposal of wastewater.
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